Historical Part:
Nepali Press
development is more delayed than world journalism and one hundred delays than
India. In Nepal, Press enter in 1908 BC, it call Gidde Press. After some year
another Press enter in Nepal- it called 'Manoranjan Press'. After enter the
press, later some year shows start of Nepali Journalism. The development of the
press is considered to exist in 1950, By Sudha sagar Literary Paper.
After SudhaSagar
published, second magazine 'Gorkha Patra' published in 1901 with Nepali
Language from first time in Nepal. Thus, started Nepali media rapidly growth by
1990 BC, when press freedom guaranteed by constitution. The right to information, guaranteed rights and press
and publication right are three vital means for establishing "open
society" visualized by the Nepalese constitution. (nepaldemocracy.org)
Media Role about
bring social change:
New development
communication theory is also practicing during in 1990. Development
communication theories reoriented to the approaches of basic needs,
participator development support communication, and empowerment. In that time,
Media is going on the way of globalization, informatisation,
entertainment-education, and organizing for directed social change.
Media role of
development support communication not as disseminator of exogenous messages but
instead as facilitators of empowered local communities, as a source
strengthening local knowledge, experiences, and narratives and of encouraging
active agency at the grass root in the process of directed social change.
(Kharel, 2013)
The National
communication policy adopted in 1992, but it did not recognize the significance
of community communication in the process of national development nor did it
make any reference to the efforts. However, it was in 1997 when the Nepal press
institute, in cooperation with HMG/N and with funding support of DANIDA and
UNESCO, organized a National seminar on community communication for people's
Empowerment, ''the feeling that if rural communities for people's and operate
their own communication systems they can become very effective agents of
change" was widely aroused among "conscientious communicators in the
country".
United Nation
Millennium development goal declared in 2000: UN Millennium development goal
declared its goal for eradication of poverty, control of aids/ HIV, decrease
high mortality rate and others and since Nepal has also signed the conventions
and committed to achieve goal with in 2015 so that Nepali media are also
coordinating to achieve this goals and working with government and non
government org.
During the
1990-2006 decade, the Nepali media world underwent Significant Multidimensional
changes. The community communication system is in the process of modernization
while the technology of satellite communication is making perceptible impact on
the process of community communication. The public broadcasting system is
grounds to private or commercial broadcasting as advertising rules the roost of
revenue. There is concern for abuse of space and time of technologically
powerful media in a multicultural society like Nepal as they are any other
Asian countries.
Media role play is
most important part also for community participation. Conscious and active
participation of the intended beneficiaries at every stage of the development
because the rural development cannot take place without changes in attitudes
and behavior among the people concerned.
In Nepal, Many
village development committees can access the internet service provided by
Nepal Telecom, and others different Internet affiliates private companies, and
as a result rural people's lifestyles and daily routines are perceptively
changing for good. They are now connected through networks and are, therefore,
never clueless about their sons and daughters working abroad; are in e-contact,
and regularly receive remittances.
Post 1990, growth of community FM
station is in Nepal working for community empowerment and development.
Broadcasting act 2048 helped to evolve broadcasting media in Nepal so
that many FM stations established, first one was Radio sagarmatha claimed as
first community fm in Nepal. Community FM is in Nepal then help to
conduct local community development and empowerment.
Media in Nepal advocated for positive
change in the another people’s revolution and loktantrik revolution of
2062/063.
Since then in the post conflict period
Nepali media is favoring for peace, democracy, development, constitution,
identity, state of law and good governance. Media advocating for literacy,
education, economic growth, infrastructural development.
Political and social awareness and
voice for rights and equality is supported and established by media.
Conclusion:
Democratic movement of 1990, have brought
change in Nepal in terms of political, economical, cultural, educational and
social aspects. Media also experienced freedom from this point. New
constitution of 2048 gave freedom of speech and expression for the first time
to Nepali so that Nepali could read, write and express freely. After that Mass
media growth highly, and Media also play the vital role for social changes, but
it can't take as a satisfactory.
Reference/Bibliography
Book:
-
Khanal, p (2013) Select Media Topics. TU, Kathmandu
-
Melkote, R. Srinivas. H. Leslie, Steeves. (2001) Communication for
Development in the third world (2nd Edition). Sage Publication, India Pvt.
Ltd. New Delhi.
-
Sharma, Subas (2008) Media Situation in Post Conflict Nepal: An analysis Paper.
Kathmandu
Online:
