The Role of Mass Media brings about social change in Nepali context
Historical
Development of Nepali Media:
Nepali Press development is more
delayed than world journalism and one hundred delays than India. In Nepal,
Press enter in 1908 BC, it call Gidde Press. After some year another Press
enter in Nepal- it called 'Manoranjan Press'. Entered the press in Nepal, later
some year shows growth to start of Nepali Journalism. The development of the
press is considered to exist in 1950, By Sudha sagar Literary Paper.
After SudhaSagar published, second
magazine 'Gorkha Patra' published in 1901 with Nepali Language from first time
in Nepal. Thus, started Nepali media rapidly growth by 1990 BC, when press
freedom guaranteed by constitution. The
right to information, guaranteed rights and press and publication right are
three vital means for establishing "open society" visualized by the
Nepalese constitution. (nepaldemocracy.org)
Present
Condition and Practices of Nepali Media:
Present time in the Nepal, media
are running in unknown numbers. According to information depart of ministry of
Information and communication four thousand four hundred sixty one news paper
and magazine are registered. According to press council Nepal more than one
hundred twenty online are registered. More than three hundred fifty radio
station broadcasting and about one hundred television are running in Nepal with
satellite and cable.
Said, Media technology determines
the content. And the content in media determines images of society. But context
of Nepal, media practices has little different. Sometime critical criticize
content has been making by interest of base on ownership, political ideology,
business company or by influence different sectors. If we see critically from
field it happen truth.
Our market is small, but media are
growing highly. Media increase is good part for democracy but here going on
unhealthy competition.
Another side, Media house is not
opened by research and with goal of discover new thing in society. More Media
are open for to do publicity of politics or others activity. Media is not responsible for society, so they
can't makes the image of society.
Society
depends on media:
Over the last 500 years, the
influence of mass media has grown exponentially with the advance of technology.
First there were books, then newspapers, magazines, photography, sound recordings,
films, radio, television, the so-called New Media of the Internet, and now
social media.
Today, just about everyone depends
on information and communication to keep their lives moving through daily
activities like work, education, health care, leisure activities,
entertainment, traveling, personal relationships, and the other stuff with
which we are involved. (uncp.edu)
It's not unusual to wake up, check
the cell phone for messages and notifications, look at the TV or newspaper for
news, commute to work, read emails, take meetings and makes phone calls, eat
meals with friends and family, and make decisions based on the information that
we gather from those mass media and interpersonal media sources.
So
what?
We need to be aware that the values
we hold, the beliefs we harbor and the decisions we make are based on our
assumptions, our experiences, our education and what we know for a fact. We
rely on mass media for the current news and facts about what is important and
what we should be aware of.
We trust the media as an authority
for news, information, education and entertainment. Considering that powerful
influence, then, we should know how it really works.
Media
Role about brings social change:
Development communication theories
reoriented to the approaches of basic needs, participator development support
communication, and empowerment. In 1990, Media is going on the way of
globalization, informatisation, entertainment-education, and organizing for
directed social change.
Media role of development support
communication not as disseminator of exogenous messages but instead as
facilitators of empowered local communities, as a source strengthening local
knowledge, experiences, and narratives and of encouraging active agency at the
grass root in the process of directed social change. (Kharel, 2013)
The National communication policy
adopted in 1992, but it did not recognize the significance of community
communication in the process of national development nor did it make any
reference to the efforts. However, it was in 1997 when the Nepal press
institute, in cooperation with HMG/N and with funding support of DANIDA and
UNESCO, organized a National seminar on community communication for people's
Empowerment, ''the feeling that if rural communities for people's and operate
their own communication systems they can become very effective agents of
change" was widely aroused among "conscientious communicators in the
country".
United Nation Millennium
development goal declared in 2000: UN Millennium development goal declared its
goal for eradication of poverty, control of aids/ HIV, decrease high mortality
rate and others and since Nepal has also signed the conventions and committed
to achieve goal with in 2015 so that Nepali media are also coordinating to
achieve this goals and working with government and non government org.
During the 1990-2006 decade, the
Nepali media world underwent Significant Multidimensional changes. The
community communication system is in the process of modernization while the
technology of satellite communication is making perceptible impact on the
process of community communication. The public broadcasting system is grounds
to private or commercial broadcasting as advertising rules the roost of
revenue. There is concern for abuse of space and time of technologically
powerful media in a multicultural society like Nepal as they are any other
Asian countries.
Media role play is most important
part also for community participation. Conscious and active participation of
the intended beneficiaries at every stage of the development because the rural
development cannot take place without changes in attitudes and behavior among
the people concerned.
In Nepal, Many village development
committees can access the internet service provided by Nepal Telecom, and
others different Internet affiliates private companies, and as a result rural
people's lifestyles and daily routines are perceptively changing for good. They
are now connected through networks and are, therefore, never clueless about
their sons and daughters working abroad; are in e-contact, and regularly
receive remittances.
Post
1990, growth of community FM station is in Nepal working for community
empowerment and development.
Broadcasting act 2048 helped to evolve broadcasting media in Nepal so
that many FM stations established.
Community FM is help to conduct local community development and
empowerment.
Nepal
Media has advocated for positive political and social change, for example in
the people’s revolution and loktantrik revolution of 2062/063, there media role
has very important.
Since
then in the post conflict period Nepali media is favoring for peace, democracy,
development, constitution, identity, state of law and good governance. Media are
advocating for literacy, education, economic growth, infrastructural
development. Political and social
awareness and voice for rights and equality is supported and established by
media.
Conclusion:
Nepali Press development is more
delayed than world journalism. However in present time, Nepali media are
running in unknown numbers. Today, just about everyone depends on information
and communication to keep their lives moving through daily activities like
work, education, health care, leisure activities, entertainment, traveling,
personal relationships, and the other stuff with which we are involved.
Media content should have determines
images of society. But, in Nepali context, it is not happing. Media houses are
not organized by research and with goal of discover new thing in society. More
Media are open for to do publicity of politics or own interest related others
activity. Media is not responsible for
society, so they can't makes the image of society
However, democratic movement of
1990, have brought change in Nepal in terms of political, economical, cultural,
educational and social aspects. There has also role of media as well as Media
also experienced freedom from this point. After that Mass media growth highly, and Media
also play the vital role for social changes, but it responsibility to society should
not enough and satisfactory.
Reference/Bibliography
Book:
Khanal, p (2013) Select Media Topics. TU, Kathmandu
Melkote, R. Srinivas. H. Leslie, Steeves. (2001) Communication for Development in the third
world (2nd Edition). Sage Publication, India Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi.
Sharma, Subas (2008) Media Situation in Post Conflict Nepal: An analysis Paper. Kathmandu
Online:
http://www.uncp.edu/home/acurtis/Courses/ResourcesForCourses/Media&Society/MassMediaInfluenceOnSociety.html
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